apt-get uses these lists to determine which software to install when given a command to install. The package lists provide the apt-get utility with important information about the software packages that you can install using apt-get. Is an option for the apt-get program to use which updates the package lists from a server on the internet. Is a command-line tool which Ubuntu uses to install, remove, and manage software packages update Many actions that require modifying system files or installing applications require extra permissions to go through. Performs the following command with super-user (root) capabilities. Sudo apt-get update essentially has three parts: sudo You need sudo both times, but since sudo by default doesn't prompt you within 5 or so minutes since the last sudo operation, you will be prompted for your password only once (or not at all).Ī Google search can give you the definition for almost any terminal command, as can -help in the terminal. Or to get newest versions possible as per version requirements of dependencies: sudo apt-get update & sudo apt-get dist-upgrade You can combine commands with & as follows: sudo apt-get update & sudo apt-get install foo bar baz foo-dev foo-dbg See also apt_preferences(5) for a mechanism for over-riding the general settings for individual packages. The /etc/apt/sources.list(5) file contains a list of locations from In addition to performing the function of upgrade, this option also intelligently handles changing dependencies with new versions of packages apt-get has a "smart" conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most important packages at the expense of less important ones, if necessary. See here: What is "dist-upgrade" and why does it upgrade more than "upgrade"? An update must be performed first so that apt-get knows that new versions of packages are available.Īpt-get dist-upgrade ( on apt equivalent to full-upgrade) will do the same job which is done by apt-get upgrade, plus it will also intelligently handle the dependencies, so it might remove obsolete packages or add new ones. New versions of currently installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install status of another package will be left at their current version. Packages currently installed with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded under no circumstances are currently installed packages removed, nor are packages that are not already installed retrieved and installed. Used to install the newest versions of all packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in /etc/apt/sources.list(5). An update should always be performed before an upgrade or dist-upgrade.Īpt-get upgrade will fetch new versions of packages existing on the machine if APT knows about these new versions by way of apt-get update. The indexes of available packages are fetched from the location(s) specified in /etc/apt/sources.list(5). Used to re-synchronize the package index files from their sources. It will do this for all repositories and PPAs. Instead, it updates the package lists for upgrades for packages that need upgrading, as well as new packages that have just come to the repositories.Īpt-get update downloads the package lists from the repositories and "updates" them to get information on the newest versions of packages and their dependencies. In a nutshell, apt-get update doesn't actually install new versions of software.
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